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ArgumentNr. 13/2021

Interacțiuni constructive în oraș. Constitución, Chile — oraș deschis?

https://doi.org/10.54508/Argument.13.14

  • / drd., Universitatea de Arhitectură și Urbanism “Ion Mincu”, București, RO

Rezumat

De obicei, atunci când vorbim despre versatilitatea mediului construit, vorbim despre posibilitatea unui spațiu de a îndeplini diverse funcții, în același timp sau în diferite momente. Articolul propus susține că versatilitatea, atunci când vorbim despre mediul construit, este, de asemenea, un imperativ etic. Urbanistul și sociologul Richard Sennett propune analizarea problemei eticii urbane din perspectiva teoriei sistemelor, argumentând că orașele contemporane funcționează ca sisteme închise, în timp ce un oraș cu adevărat drept ar trebui să funcționeze ca unul deschis. El propune trei caracteristici funcționale ale unui oraș deschis, ilustrând fiecare caracteristică prin diverse exemple anecdotice. Exemplele sale ar putea servi drept ilustrare a conceptului său, dar nu reușesc să răspundă la acest lucru: poate un oraș să fie deschis în întregime? Există orașe care bifează toate casetele din modelul său? Odată cu violentul cutremur care a lovit Chile în 2010, a fost distrus majoritatea orașului de coastă Constitución, lansând un efort imens de reconstrucție. Lucrarea propusă susține că procesul de reconstrucție exemplifică modelul lui Sennett în devenirea unui oraș cu adevărat deschis. Susținem că unul dintre punctele lipsă ale argumentării lui Sennett, și anume inspirația din practicile vernaculare, a fost în centrul acestui proces și al rezultatului său. Susținem, astfel, că deschis este un imperativ ontologic în construirea unui oraș echitabil.

Cuvinte cheie

oraș deschis, teoria sistemelor, arhitectură participativă, arhitectură vernaculară, etică urbană, planificare urbană

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