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Argument › Nr. 16/2024

București prin prisma culturii planificării. O abordare comparativă a proceselor de planificare locală

https://doi.org/10.54508/Argument.16.13

  • / Universitatea de Arhitectură şi Urbanism „Ion Mincu”, Bucureşti, RO

Rezumat

Această cercetare pornește de la observarea pe larg și în detaliu a tiparelor de suburbanizare ce pot fi identificate la periferia Bucureștiului. Variațiile suburbanizării ce pot fi observate la marginea Bucureștiului, în diferite unități administrative, dezvăluie o altă tipologie, bazată pe abordări divergente de planificare și folosirea instrumentelor de planificare ce reies din legislația specifică. Această abordare neuniformă și diferențiată de planificare este rezultatul unui proces de urbanizare descentralizat și foarte fragmentat la nivel teritorial. Fenomenul poate fi analizat prin filtrul bazei teoretice specifice Culturii Planificării. Teoria este introdusă prin explorarea originilor conceptului și a ultimelor dezbateri asupra acestui subiect. În continuare, articolul se concentrează asupra evaluării realizate de Departament de Urbanism din București utilizând instrumentele metodologice ale Modelului Culturii Planificării, dezvoltat de Knieling și Othengrafen. Cele trei niveluri, mediul social, mediul de planificare și instrumentele de planificare ale modelului lor sunt evaluate printr-o privire de ansamblu asupra planificării în România și prin interviuri semistructurate cu reprezentanți ai departamentelor de urbanism și amenajarea teritoriului ale structurilor administrative. Cele două studii de caz contrastante selectate, primul din sudul, și al doilea din nordul Bucureștiului, oferă un teren interesant pentru explorarea utilizării instrumentelor de planificare care conduc către tipare contrastante ale suburbanizării, demonstrând existența în Zona Metropolitană a Bucureștiului a unei culturi de planificare locală diversă și utilizarea instrumentelor de planificare ca inhibitori și catalizatori ai dezvoltării urbane.

Cuvinte cheie

București, Modelul culturii planificării, Cultura planificării

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